CNC Machining Copper
Material Description
Copper is a versatile and widely used metallic element known for its excellent electrical and thermal conductivity. It is characterized by its lustrous reddish-brown appearance, malleability, and ductility. In its pure form, copper is a soft and highly malleable metal, making it suitable for various industrial applications. Its atomic number is 29, and it has a melting point of approximately 1,984 degrees Fahrenheit (1,085 degrees Celsius). Copper is often alloyed with other metals to enhance its mechanical properties, such as strength and corrosion resistance. Common copper alloys include bronze and brass, which incorporate elements like tin and zinc. In addition to its electrical and thermal conductivity, copper also boasts antimicrobial properties, making it suitable for use in healthcare and food processing equipment. Its excellent corrosion resistance makes it an ideal choice for plumbing, roofing, and architectural applications. Copper’s natural aesthetic appeal, durability, and recyclability further contribute to its popularity in various technical and industrial contexts.
Copper is essential in numerous technical applications due to its unique combination of properties. Its high electrical conductivity, surpassed only by silver, makes it an ideal choice for electrical wiring, power transmission, and electrical components. Its exceptional thermal conductivity makes it valuable in heat exchangers and cooling systems. Additionally, copper’s excellent corrosion resistance and natural patina formation over time further extend its applications, particularly in outdoor and architectural elements. The metal is highly ductile, allowing for seamless manufacturing processes, such as extrusion, casting, and machining. Furthermore, its use in various alloys, such as cupronickel and beryllium copper, enables specialized applications in industries ranging from aerospace to electronics. Copper’s importance in technology, construction, and industrial sectors remains significant, underlining its status as a fundamental material in the modern world.
Grades
C101, C110, C360
Finishing Options
Oxidation Finish, Electroplating, Polishing, Lacquering, Powder Coating, Painting
| Density | Tensile Yield Strength (MPa) | Fatigue Strength (MPa) | Hardness (Brinell) | Thermal Conductivity (W/m-K) | Coeff. of Thermal Expansion (mm/mdeg) | Electrical Resistivity (micro Ohm-cm) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 8900 | 210-350 | 30-100 | 35 - 125 | ~401 | 16 | 1.68 |
Design Recommendation
When designing with copper, it is essential to consider its remarkable electrical conductivity, corrosion resistance, and aesthetic appeal. To maximize its functionality, ensure proper grounding and bonding in electrical applications to exploit its conductivity while guarding against potential overheating. For architectural purposes, embrace copper’s beautiful patina development over time, but be mindful of the environment and local regulations when selecting surface finishes. Additionally, take into account copper’s malleability, enabling intricate shaping for various applications, from pipes to decorative elements. Always prioritize sustainability by choosing recycled copper, thus reducing environmental impact.
Cost Saving Tip
Copper is a soft material, but it can be challenging to machine due to its tendency to stick to cutting tools. High-speed machining techniques with carbide tools featuring polished edges can minimize tool wear. Reducing tool replacements enhances cost-efficiency and maintains consistent machining quality.
